Writing Task 2 · Problem and solution

Rising urban living costs: identifying problems and potential solutions: IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 2 problem and solution essay question with a Band 8-style sample answer, the plan behind it, the vocabulary that lifts it and what an examiner looks for.
  • 253 words
  • Problem and solution
  • General Training
  • 40 minutes

The question

The cost of living in many cities is rising rapidly. What are the problems associated with this, and what measures can be taken to solve them?

About 40 minutes. Write at least 250 words.

Problem and solution

Plan before you write

  1. 1

    Your position

    Escalating urban expenses negatively impact social equity and productivity, necessitating strategic government intervention in housing and public infrastructure.

  2. 2

    Paragraph 2

    The primary issue is the displacement of low-income earners due to unaffordable housing markets.

  3. 3

    Paragraph 3

    Governments should implement rent controls and invest in regional development to alleviate metropolitan pressure.

  • →Identify the specific causes, problems or effects asked about in the prompt.
  • →Explain how each proposed solution or preventive measure addresses the issue, and who could carry it out.
  • →Separate paragraphs for the issues and responses can make the structure clear; follow every part of the question.

Model answer

Band 8-style sample essay

This AI-generated teaching example illustrates target features; it has not received an official IELTS band. Compare its ideas and structure with your own response.

Band 8-style model253 words · use the structure and vocabulary, not the sentences

The rapid inflation of living expenses in major cities has become a pressing concern for urban planners and residents alike. This phenomenon creates significant socio-economic challenges, primarily concerning housing accessibility and the displacement of essential workers, which demand comprehensive policy interventions.

One significant consequence of soaring living costs is the erosion of social diversity, as lower-income households are frequently pushed to the periphery of urban centres. When housing prices outpace wage growth, essential personnel, such as healthcare staff and teachers, often find it impossible to reside near their workplaces. For instance, in cities like London, many public service workers endure arduous, multi-hour commutes because they cannot afford to live within the city, leading to reduced productivity and diminished quality of life for the workforce.

To address this, authorities must prioritise the development of social housing and implement stricter rent regulations to prevent market exploitation. Rather than allowing speculative investment to dominate the real estate sector, governments could impose taxes on vacant properties to increase housing supply. Furthermore, incentivising businesses to relocate to smaller, regional hubs can mitigate the pressure on infrastructure in overcrowded metropolitan areas. If regional centres are bolstered with better transport links and digital connectivity, the demand for housing in expensive, primary cities would naturally recalibrate, fostering more balanced economic growth.

In summary, the escalating financial burden of urban living threatens the stability of city life by marginalising vulnerable populations. By adopting robust housing policies and promoting decentralisation, governments can ensure that cities remain inclusive and functional environments for all citizens.

Model commentary

Features to notice in this model

This model aims to illustrate Band 8 features by directly addressing both parts of the prompt with coherent, logical arguments and sophisticated vocabulary. A Band 6 response typically fails to provide specific examples or offers generic solutions that lack the structural depth required for a higher score.

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8 words

Vocabulary from the essay

  • periphery

    The outer limits or edge of an area.

  • arduous

    Involving or requiring strenuous and difficult physical effort.

  • marginalising

    Treating a person or group as insignificant or peripheral.

  • decentralisation

    The transfer of authority from central to local.

  • recalibrate

    To adjust or adapt to a different standard.

  • bolstered

    To support or strengthen a weak situation.

  • socio-economic

    Relating to the interaction of social and economic.

  • speculative

    Engaged in or involving high risk for profit.

More words for this topic: IELTS vocabulary for economy and money.

Frequently asked questions

What type of essay is "Rising urban living costs: identifying problems and potential solutions"?+

Problem and solution. Identify the specific causes, problems or effects asked about in the prompt.

How many words should an IELTS Writing Task 2 essay be?+

At least 250 words, in about 40 minutes. This sample is 253 words, written to fit that time with five minutes left to check grammar.

How is IELTS Writing Task 2 scored?+

On four criteria: task response, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 counts for twice as much as Task 1 in your Writing band.

What is the difference between a Band 6 and a Band 8 answer here?+

This model aims to illustrate Band 8 features by directly addressing both parts of the prompt with coherent, logical arguments and sophisticated vocabulary. A Band 6 response typically fails to provide specific examples or offers generic solutions that lack the structural depth required for a higher score.

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