Written byFizza Butool ZaidiIELTS teacher for 10+ years, PTE for 5Updated 30 October 2026
The reasons ETS gives
The bulletin's score cancellation policies list these grounds (Information Bulletin). ETS can also ban a test taker from future ETS tests and refer matters to law enforcement (ETS FAQ).
| Reason | What it covers |
|---|---|
| Testing irregularities | Problems with how the test was run, such as timing errors, faulty equipment or a disruption |
| Identification discrepancy | ID, photo or biometric samples that cannot be validated, or evidence someone else sat the test |
| Misconduct | Breaking the test-security rules in the bulletin |
| Plagiarism | Speaking or writing substantially similar to other responses, or using sources without attribution |
| Invalid scores | Other substantial evidence, such as unusual answer patterns or inconsistent performance |
Held scores
If ETS has information suggesting something affected score validity, it may hold your scores while it investigates, and you cannot send them to any institution until it finishes (bulletin). If scores are cancelled before release, they go to no one; if they are cancelled after being sent, the institutions are told (ETS score FAQ).
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Can you appeal?
ETS says that in most cases score cancellations cannot be appealed, and you should follow the options in the email from the Office of Testing Integrity (ETS FAQ). The bulletin states that cancellation decisions are not subject to appeal to ETS, and that the test fee is not refunded when scores are cancelled for ID or misconduct reasons (bulletin).
Testing irregularities are treated differently. Where appropriate, ETS gives affected test takers the chance to retake without charge as soon as reasonably possible (bulletin).
Questions go to the Office of Testing Integrity at TSReturns@ets.org, or +1-609-406-5430 outside the US and Canada, Monday to Friday, 7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. US Eastern time (ETS). Cancelling your own scores at the end of the test is a different process; see how many times you can take TOEFL. Rules and fees change. Check the test owner's own page before you book or pay. This guide is general information, not official advice from ETS or Duolingo.
Frequently asked questions
Who decides to cancel TOEFL scores?+
ETS. Its Office of Testing Integrity emails you the reason.
Can I appeal a TOEFL score cancellation?+
In most cases no. The bulletin says cancellation decisions are not subject to appeal to ETS.
Do I get a refund if ETS cancels my scores?+
Not when the cancellation is for ID problems or misconduct. For testing irregularities, ETS may offer a free retake.
Will my university find out?+
If the scores were already sent, ETS notifies the institutions that they have been cancelled.
Can a memorised essay get my TOEFL scores cancelled?+
Yes. ETS can cancel scores for responses substantially similar to other responses or to outside sources.
Keep reading
Related
- Templates and memorised answers in TOEFL
- TOEFL ID requirements
- TOEFL unofficial scores
- How many times can you take TOEFL?
- All 3112 guides
Guide updated on 30 October 2026. Individual prices and policies may have earlier observation dates. Confirm current details on the linked official pages before you book or apply.
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