Academic Writing Task 1 · pie chart

Proportion of energy produced from different resources in 1985 and 2003

The Charts below show changes in the proportion of the energy produced from different resources in the country in 1985 and 2003.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Energy production in 1985 (%)
  • Oil: 52%
  • Natural gas: 13%
  • Coal: 8%
  • Nuclear: 22%
  • Hydro: 4%
  • Other renewable: 1%
View the data
CategoryValue (%)
Oil52
Natural gas13
Coal8
Nuclear22
Hydro4
Other renewable1
Energy production in 2003 (%)
  • Oil: 39%
  • Natural gas: 23%
  • Coal: 22%
  • Nuclear: 8%
  • Hydro: 4%
  • Other renewable: 4%
View the data
CategoryValue (%)
Oil39
Natural gas23
Coal22
Nuclear8
Hydro4
Other renewable4

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Band 8 sample answer

The two pie charts illustrate the shifts in the percentage of energy generated from six distinct sources in a specific country between 1985 and 2003.

Overall, it is evident that oil was the dominant energy source in both years, although its share fell considerably. Conversely, coal and natural gas became increasingly important, while nuclear energy production dropped significantly.

In 1985, oil accounted for more than half of the total energy production at 52%. Nuclear power was the second most significant source, contributing 22%, followed by natural gas at 13% and coal at 8%. Hydro and other renewables made up the remaining 5% combined. By 2003, the proportion of oil had decreased to 39%, though it remained the leading source.

In contrast, coal production saw a dramatic rise, jumping from 8% to 22%, matching the share of natural gas, which also grew from 13% to 23%. Meanwhile, the contribution of nuclear power plummeted from 22% in 1985 to just 8% in 2003. Hydro remained stable at 4%, while the share of other renewables increased fourfold to reach 4% by the end of the period.

183 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

How to write about pie charts

accounted for
made up a specific portion of the total
plummeted
decreased rapidly and by a large amount
dominant
the most important or powerful energy source
conversely
used to introduce a contrasting or opposite trend
remained stable
showed little or no change over time
proportion
the size or amount of something relative to others

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Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?

While oil remained the primary energy source despite a significant decline, coal and natural gas saw substantial growth, whereas nuclear power experienced a sharp decrease over the period.

How long should an IELTS Task 1 answer be?

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How do I describe pie charts?

Name the largest and smallest shares in the overview. Use proportion language: a quarter, just under half, the majority. With two pies, compare the same slice across both.

More pie charts