Academic Writing Task 1 · bar chart

Leisure time in a typical week by employment status and gender

The chart below shows the amount of leisure time enjoyed by men and women of different employment statuses.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Leisure time in a typical week in hours by sex and employment status, 1998-99 (hours)
020406080100Employed (Full Time)Employed (Part Time)UnemployedRetiredHousewives
  • Male
  • Female
View the data
Employed (Full Time)Employed (Part Time)UnemployedRetiredHousewives
Male44–8584–
Female3740787850

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Band 8 sample answer

The bar chart illustrates the weekly leisure hours for men and women in 1998-99, categorised by their employment status. Overall, it is evident that unemployment and retirement provided the most leisure time, whereas full-time employment resulted in the least. Men consistently reported higher leisure hours than women, except in part-time employment.

Individuals in full-time employment had the least leisure time, with men at 44 hours and women at 37 hours. Conversely, those employed part-time, represented only by women in the data, enjoyed 40 hours of leisure. The unemployed and retired groups experienced significantly higher figures. Unemployed men had 85 hours of leisure, compared to 78 hours for unemployed women. Similarly, retired men recorded 84 hours, while retired women had 78 hours.

Finally, the category of housewives, which applies exclusively to women, showed an average of 50 hours of leisure time per week. In summary, the data highlights a clear disparity between those in full-time work and those outside the workforce, with the latter group enjoying nearly double the leisure time of their full-time employed counterparts. Gender differences were most pronounced among the unemployed and retired populations.

186 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

How to write about bar charts

disparity
a great difference between two or more things
categorised
placed into groups based on shared characteristics
consistently
in every case or on every occasion
counterparts
people or things that correspond to another
pronounced
very noticeable, obvious, or strongly marked
illustrates
provides a visual representation of the data

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Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?

Overall, unemployed and retired individuals enjoyed the highest amount of leisure time, while those employed full-time reported the lowest, with men generally having more leisure time than women across most categories.

How long should an IELTS Task 1 answer be?

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How do I describe bar charts?

Compare the biggest and smallest bars before anything else. If the bars show years, describe change; if they show places, describe rank. Round sensibly and say 'just over' or 'nearly' rather than guessing decimals.

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