Monthly expenditure of an average Australian family in 1991 and 2001
The table below shows the monthly expenditure of an average Australian family in 1991 and 2001.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
| Category | 1991 | 2001 |
|---|---|---|
| Food | 155 | 160 |
| Electricity and Water | 75 | 120 |
| Clothing | 30 | 20 |
| Housing | 95 | 100 |
| Transport | 70 | 45 |
| Other goods and services* | 250 | 270 |
| Total | 675 | 715 |
Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.
Band 8 sample answer
The table illustrates changes in the monthly spending habits of an average Australian family between 1991 and 2001, measured in Australian dollars.
Overall, the total monthly expenditure for these families rose from 675 to 715 Australian dollars over the ten-year period. While most categories experienced an increase in costs, spending on clothing and transport declined.
In 1991, 'Other goods and services' was the highest expenditure at 250, rising to 270 by 2001. Food costs also saw a slight increase, moving from 155 to 160. The most notable change occurred in electricity and water, which surged from 75 to 120, representing a substantial growth in utility costs. Housing expenses also grew marginally, increasing from 95 to 100.
Conversely, spending on clothing dropped from 30 to 20, marking a one-third reduction. Similarly, transport costs experienced a significant decrease, falling from 70 in 1991 to 45 in 2001. Despite these reductions in specific areas, the overall upward trend in the other categories ensured that the total monthly family budget was higher at the end of the decade than at the beginning.
178 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.
How to write about tables
- Tables hide the trend: find the highest, lowest and biggest change yourself.
- Select; do not list every cell.
- Organise paragraphs by row or by column, whichever gives the clearer comparison.
- expenditure
- The total amount of money spent by someone
- surged
- Increased very quickly and by a large amount
- marginal
- Relating to a very small or slight change
- conversely
- Used to introduce a statement that is opposite
- upward trend
- A general direction in which something is increasing
- proportion
- A part or share of a whole amount
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Frequently asked questions
What should the overview say?
Overall, total monthly expenditure increased over the decade, with 'Other goods and services' remaining the largest expense while electricity and water costs saw the most significant rise.
How long should an IELTS Task 1 answer be?
At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.
How do I describe tables?
Tables hide the trend: find the highest, lowest and biggest change yourself. Select; do not list every cell. Organise paragraphs by row or by column, whichever gives the clearer comparison.
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