Academic Writing Task 1 · bar chart

Passenger numbers at three major New York City airports 1995-2000

The chart below shows the number of travelers using three major airports in New York City between 1995 and 2000.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Airport visitors, 1995-2000 (millions of passengers per year)
020406080100199519961997199819992000
  • John F. Kennedy
  • LaGuardia
  • Newark
View the data
199519961997199819992000
John F. Kennedy263547363244.5
LaGuardia3540.543465068
Newark1625.539424242

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Band 8 sample answer

The bar chart illustrates the annual number of passengers using three New York City airports—John F. Kennedy (JFK), LaGuardia, and Newark—between 1995 and 2000. Overall, it is clear that passenger traffic at all three locations increased over the six-year period, with LaGuardia showing the most significant growth.

In 1995, LaGuardia was the busiest airport with 35 million passengers, followed by JFK at 26 million and Newark at 16 million. By 1997, JFK experienced a notable peak, reaching 47 million passengers, which made it the most frequented airport that year. However, this figure subsequently fluctuated, dropping to 32 million in 1999 before recovering to 44.5 million in 2000.

In contrast, LaGuardia demonstrated a more consistent upward trajectory. Starting at 35 million in 1995, its passenger numbers climbed steadily to reach a substantial high of 68 million by 2000. Newark also saw consistent growth, rising from 16 million in 1995 to 39 million in 1997. From 1998 to 2000, Newark’s passenger volume stabilised, remaining constant at 42 million per year. By the end of the period, LaGuardia had clearly overtaken the other two airports in terms of annual passenger volume.

188 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

How to write about bar charts

upward trajectory
a steady and continuous increase over time
fluctuated
changed frequently and irregularly in number
notable peak
a significant high point in a series
stabilised
remained at a steady level without change
frequented
visited often by a large number of people
overtaken
surpassed another in quantity or performance level

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Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?

Overall, all three airports experienced an upward trend in passenger numbers over the period, with LaGuardia emerging as the busiest airport by 2000.

How long should an IELTS Task 1 answer be?

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How do I describe bar charts?

Compare the biggest and smallest bars before anything else. If the bars show years, describe change; if they show places, describe rank. Round sensibly and say 'just over' or 'nearly' rather than guessing decimals.

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