Academic Writing Task 1 · bar chart

Riverdale Public School spending and student academic performance from 1990 to 2010

The bar graphs below show the Riverdale Public School's spending per student in a year as well as percentages of students who passed the reading and math tests from 1990 to 2005.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Spending per pupil (USD)
04,0008,00012,00016,00020,00019901995200020052010
View the data
19901995200020052010
Spending12,00010,0009,0008,0007,000
Percentage of Students Getting Passing Grades (%)
02040608010019901995200020052010
View the data
19901995200020052010
Passing Rate8786858482

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Band 8 sample answer

The two bar charts illustrate the financial investment per student and the corresponding academic success rates at Riverdale Public School between 1990 and 2010. Overall, both metrics followed a steady downward trajectory over the two decades, suggesting a correlation between reduced funding and lower student performance.

In 1990, spending per pupil stood at $12,000, which was the highest figure recorded. This amount declined consistently every five years, falling to $10,000 in 1995, $9,000 in 2000, and $8,000 in 2005. By the end of the period in 2010, the expenditure had dropped further to $7,000, representing a total decrease of approximately 42% from the initial 1990 level.

Regarding academic performance, the percentage of students obtaining passing grades also saw a gradual decline. Starting at 87% in 1990, the figure dipped to 86% in 1995 and 85% in 2000. This downward trend continued, with the pass rate reaching 84% in 2005 and finally 82% by 2010. While the decline in academic performance was less pronounced than the sharp reduction in school funding, the data indicates a persistent negative trend in both categories throughout the observed timeframe.

184 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

How to write about bar charts

downward trajectory
a consistent movement or trend towards lower levels
metric
a system or standard of measurement used here
expenditure
the total amount of money spent by someone
pronounced
very noticeable, obvious, or strongly marked in degree
corresponding
related to or connected with the other item
timeframe
a specified period of time during which events occur

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Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?

Both the annual spending per pupil and the percentage of students achieving passing grades experienced a consistent downward trend throughout the twenty-year period.

How long should an IELTS Task 1 answer be?

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How do I describe bar charts?

Compare the biggest and smallest bars before anything else. If the bars show years, describe change; if they show places, describe rank. Round sensibly and say 'just over' or 'nearly' rather than guessing decimals.

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