You will have 20 minutes to plan, write and revise an essay about the topic below. Your response will be judged on how well you develop a position, organise your ideas, present supporting details, and control the elements of standard written English. You should write 200–300 words.
Some municipal planners argue that aging historic bridges should be preserved and retrofitted rather than replaced with modern structures, despite the higher ongoing maintenance costs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view? Support your opinion with reasons and examples.
0 words · target 200–300 · 20 minutes in the test · spell-check is off, as in the test
You will have 20 minutes to plan, write and revise an essay about the topic below. Your response will be judged on how well you develop a position, organise your ideas, present supporting details, and control the elements of standard written English. You should write 200–300 words.
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In major civil infrastructure projects, some people believe that bridge design should prioritise visual elegance and landmark aesthetics, while others argue that functional utility and cost-efficiency must always take precedence. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Recent advances in sensor technology and data analytics allow bridge structural health to be monitored remotely in real time, leading some authorities to propose phasing out routine manual inspections. What are the advantages and disadvantages of relying entirely on automated monitoring systems?
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