In many countries, traditional festivals that were once centred on religion, family or the changing seasons are now associated with special offers, gifts and decorations. Several factors explain this change, and although it brings some economic benefits, I believe it is mainly a negative development.
The main reason for this shift is that businesses have recognised festivals as valuable opportunities to increase sales. Shops begin advertising festive products weeks in advance, and the media repeatedly suggest that a celebration is incomplete without new clothes, expensive presents or elaborate food. Social media has intensified this pressure, as people share images of their purchases and celebrations, which can make others feel they must spend more to keep up. In addition, as societies become more secular and families more scattered, the original customs of some festivals have lost their meaning for younger generations, leaving consumption to fill the gap.
There are some positive aspects. Festival spending supports retailers, restaurants and small producers, many of whom rely on these periods for a large share of their annual income. The excitement of shopping and decorating can also create a cheerful atmosphere that brings communities together.
However, the drawbacks are more serious. Families on low incomes may feel obliged to spend money they do not have, sometimes falling into debt to meet expectations. More importantly, when a festival is reduced to consumption, the values it was intended to express, such as gratitude, generosity and reflection, are easily forgotten. Children may grow up seeing a celebration only as an occasion to receive gifts rather than as part of their cultural heritage.
In conclusion, festivals have become commercialised because businesses and social media promote spending while traditional meanings fade. Despite the economic benefits, I regard this as negative because it creates financial pressure and weakens cultural values.