Writing Task 2 · Problem and solution

Long waiting times for medical treatment: IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 2 problem and solution essay question with a Band 8-style sample answer, the plan behind it, the vocabulary that lifts it and what an examiner looks for.
  • 305 words
  • Problem and solution
  • Academic
  • 40 minutes

The question

In many countries, patients have to wait a long time to see a doctor or to receive hospital treatment. What are the causes of this problem, and what measures could be taken to solve it?

About 40 minutes. Write at least 250 words.

Problem and solution

Plan before you write

  1. 1

    Your position

    Waiting times grow because demand is rising faster than the supply of staff, but investment, organisation and technology can reduce them.

  2. 2

    Paragraph 2

    Ageing populations, new treatments, staff shortages and inefficient systems all lengthen waits.

  3. 3

    Paragraph 3

    Training and keeping staff, sharing routine tasks with pharmacists, video consultations and prevention would shorten waits.

  • →Identify the specific causes, problems or effects asked about in the prompt.
  • →Explain how each proposed solution or preventive measure addresses the issue, and who could carry it out.
  • →Separate paragraphs for the issues and responses can make the structure clear; follow every part of the question.

Model answer

Band 8-style sample essay

This AI-generated teaching example illustrates target features; it has not received an official IELTS band. Compare its ideas and structure with your own response.

Band 8-style model305 words · use the structure and vocabulary, not the sentences

Long waits for appointments and operations have become a source of frustration in many health systems, and in serious cases they allow illnesses to worsen before treatment begins. This problem results mainly from rising demand and staff shortages, but it can be reduced through investment, better organisation and greater use of technology.

The first cause is increasing demand for healthcare. As populations age, more people live with long-term conditions, such as diabetes and arthritis, that require regular appointments and sometimes surgery. At the same time, medical advances mean that conditions which once could not be treated now can be, adding to the number of patients. The second cause is a shortage of staff. Training doctors and nurses takes many years, and in some countries health workers leave because of long hours and stress, or move abroad for better pay. When there are too few staff, even well-equipped hospitals cannot treat patients quickly. Inefficient systems, such as paper records and poorly coordinated appointments, add further delays.

Several measures could address these causes. Governments should invest in training more medical staff and improve working conditions so that experienced professionals remain in their jobs. Secondly, routine tasks could be shifted from doctors to other trained workers. Pharmacists, for example, could treat minor infections and provide repeat prescriptions, which would free doctors to concentrate on more complex cases. Technology can also help: video consultations save time for simple follow-up appointments, while digital booking systems reduce missed appointments by sending reminders. Finally, greater investment in preventive care would reduce the number of people who need hospital treatment in the first place.

In conclusion, waiting times are growing because demand is rising faster than the supply of trained staff. By training and retaining more professionals, sharing tasks more efficiently and using technology wisely, health systems can provide quicker care for patients.

Model commentary

Features to notice in this model

This sample aims to illustrate Band 8 features by identifying several distinct causes and proposing solutions that clearly answer them, including who would carry them out. Sequencing language organises a dense argument clearly, and the vocabulary of healthcare is used precisely without becoming overly technical.

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7 words

Vocabulary from the essay

  • frustration

    the feeling of being annoyed because something is not working

  • arthritis

    a disease that causes pain and swelling in the joints

  • well-equipped

    having all the tools and machines that are needed

  • poorly coordinated

    badly organised between different people or parts

  • repeat prescriptions

    regular orders for the same medicine

  • follow-up appointments

    later meetings to check progress after treatment

  • retaining

    keeping someone in a job or place

More words for this topic: IELTS vocabulary for health.

Frequently asked questions

What type of essay is "Long waiting times for medical treatment"?+

Problem and solution. Identify the specific causes, problems or effects asked about in the prompt.

How many words should an IELTS Writing Task 2 essay be?+

At least 250 words, in about 40 minutes. This sample is 305 words, written to fit that time with five minutes left to check grammar.

How is IELTS Writing Task 2 scored?+

On four criteria: task response, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 counts for twice as much as Task 1 in your Writing band.

What is the difference between a Band 6 and a Band 8 answer here?+

This sample aims to illustrate Band 8 features by identifying several distinct causes and proposing solutions that clearly answer them, including who would carry them out. Sequencing language organises a dense argument clearly, and the vocabulary of healthcare is used precisely without becoming overly technical.

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